Internal-combustion engine.



C. Y. KNIGHT.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. I0, I908.

a SHEBTSSHEET 1.

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C. Y. KNIGHT.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. I0, I908.

Patented Apr. 20, 1915 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

G. Y. KNIGHT. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. I0. 1908.

Patented Apr. 20

3 SHEETSSHEET 3 ANA/$47 v ii it 1 a 31-. t. MON 015 DELAWE.

' INTERNAL-COUSTION TNGI NE.

maniac.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented a so, tats.

h pplicattontled Uctoter 10, ma. terial No. M7957.

To all whom it may concern Be it lmown that I, Oneness Y. KNIGHT,

- a citizen of the United States of America,

- which fluid admission to and the explosion space is residing at 15t Lake street, in the city of Chicago, county of Cook, and State of Illinois, having invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specifics tion.

This invention relates to that type. of internal combustion engines or motors in exhaust from controlled by port controlling provisions embodying a cylindrical port controlling element operatively connected with the working piston and being thereby moved with relation to the outer or main cylinder for opening and closing the ports therein. i

lit has more special reference to the modern form of such motors in which said port controlling provisions embody two of said cylindrical port controlling elements or sleeves, telescoped together around the working piston and having ports which coincide at cycle of the engine. In engines o this type as heretofore constructed, the sleeves have been provided 'Wltll two exhaust apart of the the piston nears the limit of its outwardwhen the piston ports adapted to register respectively with two exhaust ports located in the outer cylinder at opposite ends thereof, so that burned gases will escape as stroke and uncovers exhaust ports,

the outer one of these and the balance will escape starts back again and the ports in the sleeves at the opposite end become properly adjusted. One of the serious defects of such prior means for controlling the exhaust is, that the blow-pipe action of the burnin gas, passing through the lower or termina exhaust'port, excessively overheats the sleeves on the side adjacent such ports, and causes them to warp out of round, also to-blister asthe inner one is in direct contact with the flame and does not come in contact with awater-cooled surface-at this point. It also causes the piston to warp out of round as a result of the blow-pipe action of the flame crossing the piston at one side only. In addition, it causes the inner sleeve to expand and elon ate on the exhaust side, (half way arpund t esleeve) a uch -mits of bringing both sleeves adjacent the proper times durin ;the

lubricating feed upwardly between them from the crank reater extent than does the outer one which is in contact with the water-jacket-the innor sleeve thereby getting out of line with the outer one. This results in seizure or severe friction of the inner sleeve which should, in practice, befree from the outer sleeve by a space of from one to two thousandths of an inch, so that a film of oil will remain between the sleeves to furnish a packing and relieve wear. At the upper or inner end of the sleeves these condition:a do not obtain because the construction perthe exhaust port, in direct contact with watercooled surfaces after such exhaust stroke. Such prior method of controlling the exhaust also results in serious lubrication trouble. The exhaust, being admitted at high pressure between the sleeves where the lower or terminal exhaust port is cut through, drives the oil from between the sleeves in both directions (upward and downward), and burns it, thereby depriving the sleeves of proper lubrication at their lower ends half way around and at the hottest locality and at the very place where an abundance of lubricant is required. The oil thus expelled takes fire and is shot down into the crank case, burns the lubricant there and overheats the bearings. The portion which is' driven upwardly is expelled through the upper exhaust port, when the latter opens at a later period, and this, together with that which is driven. out through the lower exhaust port by the direct and entraining action of the escaping gases, causes a seriously smoky exhaust and a waste of valuable lubricant. This expulsion of the lubricant from between the sleeves at their lower ends, results in depriving the sleeves of suflicient lubricant at their upper ends also, because aspractice has demonstrated with this type of engine, the best method of the sleeves-is to allow the oil to case as the result of capillary attraction or the suction duetothe inspiration stroke of the iston causing some compression in the cran case and a rarefication of the fluid between the sleeves adjacent the upper exhaust port, thereby creating two forces-favorable to anupward flow of oil between the sleeves which would be counteracted by the admis- @ienetithe exhaust gases between the sleeves MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, T9

p the inner are provided with near their lower ends, as when the lower or terminal exhaust port is employed. This result does not follow hopever where the upper exhaust port alone is employed, because it is so far removed from the lower ends of the sleeves that the exhaust gases cannot find their way through the long cap- .il-lary passage between the.sle'eves in sui'ficient volume to seriously interfere with the upward trend of the oil.

is invention therefore is designed to overcome these defects of the described type of internal combustion motors, and it has for one of its objects to provide an improved motor of this type in which the exhaust takes place wholly at the firing or intake end of the cylinder. In this type of internal combustion motors, the aforesaid cylindrical port controlling element is thin to permit the heat to radiate through to the Watenjacket of the outer cylinder. At the period of exhaust however, the edges of said element are subjected to the blow-pipe acti'on of the burning gases and such edges are thus liable to be seriously burned, resulting in rough surfaces and in irregular port opening and other obvious detects.

he invention is designed to avoid these defects also, and-has for another object to improve the cooling facilities of the sleeves adjacent the exhaust ports thereof.

With a view to the attainment of these ends and, the accomplishment of certain other objects which will hereafter appear, the invention'consists in the features of novelty described herein, shown in the accompanying drawings and more particularly pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawingsr-l+igure 1 is a sectional elevation of the engine cylinder, Figs. 2 and 2 are views showing the position of the ports at four points of the cycle.

In the form shown in Fig. 1, suitable for i b a petrol engine working on the ordinary four stroke cycle, I construct the straight part, a, of the cylinder with a water jacket, 6, along its whole length, and form the inlet and exhaust ports, 0, d, respectivelythrough the Water jacket at the combustion chamber end or intake end of the straight part, a, of the cylinder. The end of the cylinder is closed by a Water cooled head, 2, having a water cooled part, 7, projecting internally, forming a groove, 9, with, the straight part of the cylinder. In this groove the ends of sleeves, 71,70, slide. These sleevesthe outer one of which need not completely surround orts','m, a, and 0, 79, adapted to register with the ports, a and (Z, respectively in the cylinder at parts of their movement for the purpose of ob'- taining thc inlet and exhaust to the cylinder hereinafter described. The head. 6 constitutes a cylindrical port controlling element eccentric s.

mamas telescoped with the inner sleeve for controlling the ports therein and the sleeves constitute cylindrical port controlling elements arranged coaxial with the fixed cylinder and piston and surround. the latter and the explosion space in which the piston reciprocates, for coiiperating with the head and fixed cylinder to control fluid admission to and exhaust from the said explosion space.

Theslecves h, k, are actuated by means of a pair of eccentrics, r, a, one of which operates the outer sleeve, it, while the other operates the inner sleeve, The eccentric r, in this form is placed 90 degreesahead of the other Rings, t, are provided in the internal projection, 7, from the head of the cylinder, and bearagainst the inner sleeve, 70, forming a gas tight sliding contact. The eccentrics actuating the sleeves rotate once every two revolutions of the main shaft.

The cycle of operation of the engine is as follows :-Supposing an explosion has taken place in the engine, and the piston is moving on its working stroke from' the position shown at A Fig. 2, when the piston has moved to within about 50 degrees of the end of its out stroke, the port, n, in the outer sleeve, It, is almost in register with the port, 0?, in the fixed cylinder, but is still moving slowly upward, while the inner sleeve, in, is moving downward rapidly as shown at B F 2. The port, 71, in the inner sleeve, in, quickly passes the edge, a, of the water cooled projection, f, on the head of the cylinder, opening a straight way through exhaust passage through the two sleeves and the cylinder. During the rapid downward movement of the inner sleeve, 7c, the outer sleeve, 72,, passes its dead center and begins to move slowly downward. hen the piston has moved through about 90 degrees from its out center on the exhaust stroke, the downward movement of the outer sleeve, It, ecomes rapid, quickly reducing the opening for exhaust,until it cuts oil the exhaust at the cylinder edge, '0, which is water cooled, just after the piston has passed its in center, the inner sleeve, .k, during this period having passed its lowest position, and begun moving slowly upward as shown at C, Fig. 2, The rapid downward movement of the outer sleeve, 71., also brings the inlet port, m, in that sleeve into register with the inlet port, a, in the cylinder, the inlet port, 0, in the inner sleeve, 70, in its lowest position being nearly in register with the inlet port in the cylinder. The straight through inlet is thus open to practically its fullest extent when the piston is in the middle of its downward stroke. At this position the upward movement of the inner sleeve, k, is at its greatest velocity, quickly cutting off the inlet, the cut of? being effected by the travel of inlet port, 0, over wide head ring, t, after the piston has passed its out center as shown at D Fig. 2 The eompr esiom ski commences, the inner sleeve, ill; moving slowly to its upper position, While the outer sleeve h, moves upward. At the end of the.

the explosion s'lroke, the exhaust port in iclie outer sleeve moves oown mio position register with she exhaust port in the inner sleeve which 1s gradually iioovmg clown Ward, its velocity increasing" so rspi open the through exhaust passage as more eleseriberl.

Herring new described my revenues whee I eleim as new and desire to secure by Lelitors Patent lsz 1, The eon'ibinetioi). of en engine cylinder having an exhaust port therein; a. fixes. member to cooperate therewith; ewe porteontrolling membess BfzLCll having an exhaust port therein; end means adapted to operate ssicl port-controlling members and. move lie lower edge of the exhaust port of see of said members over the lower edge of the fixer} member so open the exhaust pore of the era.- giee, one} so more the upper eclge the heu'si; port of one of said; members over the lower eclge or the exlieuss port of the eylinder to close the exhaust port of the engine 2. The combination of on engine eyiinfier having inlaeke and exhaust ports thereira; fixed member to cooperate therewith; two concentric sleeves sliols oly moimteel in ssifl cylinder and each having an intake eiicl exhaust port therein; a piston operaively mounted in the inner of seitl sleeves; seal connection beeween seirl sleeves said sis-s icon moving the lower edge of the e' port or she inner sleeve the lower e lge of the fixer! leer the exhaust pore oi eitigi e, end? upper ed of the r musl; PGll? outer sleeve over time 1 e1 e ge of i seicl cylinder anal having a 1 the lower edge of the exhaust sortof lieusi; pore. of the eyliiller is L lle Easiest port of the'engme.

3. liie combination of am one;

having an exhaust pom: therei log into sold cylinder and two porseonlzrollingmembers mounted the space between said projeelfion cylinder disposed over Sillil s s'iiei each having an exhaust pore and means operating seicl members m the lower edge of the exh'usli one of said members over the lower eelge said projeeijon m open the exhaust of engine and moving upper edge of ti lieusl'. pore of the e ther oi? ssidl memlse,

eyl-izioer to close the exhaust porl; of the engine.

1. The combination of an engine eylincler halving intake mini exlieusfi ports therein; :1, head on sai l cylinder and having e peril e emending concentrically inio sale? eylinqler eml spaced therefrom two izeleseo'gleil sleeves mounsed in seirl cylinder encl extend? into the space between the eyliiider 21ml seio jeetion, each of szricl sleeves lisr' J sake and an exhaust "vorttliereiii; M mounted. in said sleeves; am} a, eoneeeuios between said piston and said sleeves mm the lower of the exhaust port oi m inner sleeve downwerrlly over the loan edge of Said projection to open '3 of the engine, and moving the upper of the ex ieust port in the outer sleeve 0 the lower edge of the exhaust per- I "Wiinesses Ammo i" Bessemer i 

